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EVOLUTION OF EDUCATION IN MMOCKMBIE FONDOM

Since the inception or creation of M’mockmbie Fondom there was no formal education until the mid-1940s. Education was wholly informal. A child was born into a nuclear and extended family and learned by both observation and instruction from parents and relatives. The girls mostly learned from their mothers and the boys from their fathers. Life was very simple and subsistent, with most common daily activities being agriculture, hunting, construction, defense, eating and drinking, dress making, art and craft work, social gatherings among several others. It suffices to say that these activities were segregated by gender, with men and boys having specific activities and the women and girls their own. Women carried out such activities as farming, cooking, weaving, cleaning etc. and the girls learned same. While men engaged in more exacting tasks such as hunting, construction, defense, craft and governance. The women were and until now tasked with the special duty of preparing their girl children for marriage. The boys by following the trades of their fathers and other male relatives were initiated into adulthood as soon as they reached adolescent. They eventually prepared them to receive brides offered them by their fathers. Some boys and girls got married as young as eleven and twelve years old.

M'Mockmbie Educational Dons

Professor Ngezem Eugene.

USA

Prof Nkiendem Felix

University of Bamenda

Dr Ngimanang Victalice

Dr Tendongafac Fidelis Fongang

University of Douala

Dr Ajamah Ferdinand

University of Douala

Dr Azeteh Ignatius Nkendem

CATU University

Dr Nkemaja Dydimus E.

University of Bamenda

The introduction of formal Education in M’mockmbie and ST Thomas Catholic Fossimombin

     Education came to M’mockmbie rather late. In the second half of the 1940s the Catholic Church through the manager of schools in Mbetta made arrangements to create a school in M’mockmbie. This was through the efforts of the Fon and some villagers. The Reverend Manager then sent Mr. Andrew Forbisong to open a school in M’mockmbie in 1945[1]. The school was situated at “Kwa-ah” with the classroom built of sticks and thatched roof. Some of the school pupils were Taleh Francis, Azanki Sylvester of Mbigang, Anangalem (Try And See) of Attrah, Nkempu John, Nkenganang Henry Forchop (now Formende), Nkwete George (Foyim), Nkemasong Etienne (of Mende) just to name these. These were among the first people to read and write in M’mockmbie. They were the ones reading, translating and interpreting official letters, convocations and tax information. The pioneer Headmaster was Mr. Forbisong Andrew of Mbetta.

    The school collapsed shortly after, when the H/M was severely beaten up by Tenkele Peter (Nkematsengkop) because according to him and other villagers the teacher was so wicked to the school pupils and he left for his village. Other reports opined that the headmaster didn’t like his stay in M’mockmbie and often sent faulty reports of M’mockmbie people not wanting to go to school. Eventually this led to strained relationship between the villagers and the teacher, which led to his being beaten up by Peter Tenkele. Other sources also talked of the gross arrogance of the H/M who saluted the Fon’s wife directly with a hand shake, the act being an abominable one, further deteriorating the relationship between the villagers and the teacher and the collapse of the school. The lunar eclipse of 1945 caught Forchop Henry Nkenganang (now Fomende), when he was returning from the school in “Kwa-ah” around  Mathias Tamoh’s compound, and the young Ashiangwi Joseph up a pear tree when he was harvesting a birds nest[2]. This is evidence that the school actually was in 1945.

     It was until 1952, when a group consisting of Mboh Tasong, Vincent Apala-ah, Martin Ndifor, and Michael Nkemajeng moved to Mbetta, sent by the Fon to lobby for the restitution of the school. By then schools were still existing and functioning well in Fojumetaw, Fotabong and Fontem. Apparently this is what motivated by the Fon and those honorable gentlemen to crave so much for a school. Despite the odds of distance, language barriers and the grudge the church had on M’mockmbie, they succeeded in convincing the Reverend Manager to recreate the school in 1953 and it went operational in 1954. The school managers whom Ntemgwa Paul Sixtus could remember were Rev. Father John Althink and Rev. Father Bernard Stompell. The young pupils in Ntemgwa were baptized by Father John Althink. The new school, St Thomas Catholic School Fossimombin was opened in January 1954 in the Fon’s Palace. The classes started under the colanut trees in the esplanade of palace (ajaah-meuh). At that time the “lemou” (the assembly hall of the palace), was being constructed by the Fon and his subjects, and when it was completed the school moved into it. When there was need for a permanent site it was moved to a place that was known as “mission” for several years. The first permanent row of classrooms in the school was

built of mud bricks in 1962. When the school moved to this site Nwut-alah Samson Alaanu was residing there in the middle of what is now the football pitch. The school silently pushed him out as the field was being dug. The vast land was donated by the Fon, some kongameh people and Tah Njengmba of Mbegle who gave his “apooh” njengmba[1].

   The first Headmaster and teacher was Mr. Tobias Atembeh from Fojumetaw. The following head masters have ruled the school from then until recently in this order; Tobias Atembeh, Stephen Segemo, Ateachong Benedict, Esua Michael, Ajong Stephen, Formbin Nicolas, Njuateh Paul, Fongang Alfred (Two times), Peter Tekwa, and Thomas Azemafac[2]. The school had amongst the more than 20 pupils, Nkemaleh Thomas of Mende, as the first name on the class list, Ndifor William was number 13 of that same list. Tasong Gabriel, Tasong Gilbert, Njuateh Paul, Asaah Thomas, Mofor Simon, Asonganya Richard, Ashiangwi Joseph, Azeteh Edward, Efemengim Robert, Dominic Tasong Tsopndoh, Bernard Tendonge (from Attrah) , Ngimndoh Romanus Nkempu, Aloysius Nkohko, Thadeus Mekongchu were amongst other pupils in class[3].

    The class was promoted to Infant Two in December 1954, but pupils like Njuateh Paul, Tasong Gabriel, and Asaah Thomas were promoted to Standard One which did not exist so they left. By December 1956, it was not certain whether Standard One will be granted in M’mockmbie or not, so the whole class moved to Fojumetaw in January 1957. Standard One was granted in February of the same year and they all came back. In 1958 there was no Standard Three so the whole class scattered and went to schools outside the Fondom. Those who could not muster the strength and finance simply dropped out of school. This unfortunate situation was the end of school for some. Those that went out included Azeteh Martin (Zoukou) of Mbegle and Mofor Simon. By 1959 all the classes were granted in M’mockmbie and almost all the class mates returned to the fondom. Sadly enough no female featured in this picture of early education in M’mockmbie. It should be noteworthy that the academic year started in January and ended in December. This first batch graduated in December 1962 and wrote the First School Leaving Certificate in Bamumbu.

The following headmasters administered the school at “Kwa-ah” and the Catholic school in the first decade of its existence.

S/N

Name

Year

Village of Origin

1

Andrew FORBISONG ( at Kwa-ah)

1949

Mbeta

2

Tobias ATEMBEH

1954-1955

Fojumetaw

3

Calistus ALEM

1956-1957

Foreke (Esoh Ata)

4

Stephen ESEGEMO FOSSUNG

1958

Mbo

5

Sylvester AKAWUNG

1959-1960

Belua

6

Michael ALAFE FOTABONG

1961

Lebang

7

Nicolas FORBIN

1962……

Fotabong

    Evidently, from the above narration, the Catholic Church and Mission has been the life wire of education in M’mockmbie for several decades (close to half a century). Most educated elite of M’mockmbie passed through that school. The first government school in M’mockmbie was created in the early 1980s in Attrah and G.S Atsombie in the late 1980s. Other schools like G.S M’mockmbie, the three secondary schools and the five Nursery schools came much later.

Government School (G.S) Attrah

This school was created in 1982. This was the second school in M’mockmbie and the first Government school. Before the creation of GS Attrah all the Class Seven pupils, who were candidates of Common Entrance and First School Leaving Certificate (FSLC) Examinations, were writing in GS Fonjumetaw. FSLC was brought to Attrah in 1990 while common entrance was still written in Fonjumetaw for some years before being brought to GS Atsombie. This school is situated in Attrah Chiefdom headed by Fossung[1].

[1] Interview with Ntemngwa Paul and Nkempu Romanus

Government School (G.S) Atsombie

     The school was officially created in 1988 firstly as an extension of GS Attrah. Before the official creation of GS Atsombie, it had started about a year behind as a community school in the compound of Takafor of Afouhatoh-Atsombie, headed by Nkempu Immaculate who was the pioneer teacher. This community school was the brain child of Asaahndeh Aloysius still of Afouhatoh-Atsombie. With this community school as a base and the official creation, five classes (class one to five) started functioning that same year with Mr Anangafac Innocent as the pioneer Headmaster. Some of the Head teachers who have passed through the school include; Tamonkia, Ndemafor Martin, Njofie Thomas, Nkemetang Andrew etc. The main campus of the school is situated at Afouahatoh in Atsombie Chiefdom, while the play grounds are situated in Metangang on a land Donated by Chief Formenot head of Metangang Chiefdom[1].

[1] Interview with Njuateh Paul on September 9th 2020 in Dschang

Government School (G.S) M’mockmbie

GS Mmockmbie started as a community school in Mende Palace since 1988 with Forchop Thomas Tsopmoh as the main teacher of the school. Chief Forchop of Mende was the Nursery attendant. The school was officially created in September 1991 by a government text. Some of the Headmasters included Nkemetang Andrew and Tasong Edward . This school is situated in Mende Chiefdom of M’mockmbie Fondom.

St Thomas Catholic Nursery and Primary School Fossimombin

This is a Catholic institution governed by the Reverend Father of the M’mockmbie Parish of the Mamfe Diocese. This school is the transformed CS Fossimombin transfered from the former Kongameh site to the present site in Atsombie Chiefdom. Following an agreement between the people of M’mockmbie and the Catholic Mission the Premises and land of CS Fossimombin was surrendered back to the Fondom which was in turn offered for the creation of GTC M’mockmbie, GS Kongameh and GNS Kongameh. CS fossimombin was then transferred to the Parish Site in Atsombie Chiefdom.

Government School Kongameh

     This school was created following the dissolution of C.S Fossimombin. Therefore the school is situated at the former site of C.S Fossimombin. Its first Head Teacher was Ayeakeh Sabastien.

Nursery Education

Nursery education came to M’mockmbie rather late. Below are the few nursery school found in M’mockmbie.

Government Nursery School Market square

    This is the first nursery in the Fondom created around 2010[1]. The first kids who attended nursery school in the village in the History of M’mockmbie Fondom started school here. It is situated around the market square as the name implies. The pioneer Head Teacher was Tendongmoh Frankline.

[1] Interview with Njuateh Paul

G.N.S KONGAMEH, G.N.S NJENGTSE, G.N.S ATTRAH are nursery schools which were also created around the same time to take care of the educational needs of young children in these Quarters.

SECONDARY EDUCTION

The masses of the of the M’mockmbie children started going to secondary school late, partly due to ignorance and due to the far distances where secondary schools were located. From the 1970s secondary schools where located in far off places like Fontem, Mamfe, Kumba, Buea, Bojongo, Bambili and most parents could not afford to send their children to these places for schooling[1]. In the 1980s government secondary school G.S.S Fontem was created which marked the surge of post primary school attendance in M’mockmbie. Only the children of the rich could be sent to Seat of Wisdom College before this time. Children had to trek for close to forty-kilometer distance from M’mockmbie to Fontem. They were most of the times accompanied by parents or siblings.

A lay private school was created in Alou, called B.C.H.S Alou by Ategwa John who was an educationist. This was also heavily attended by M’mockmbie students. GHS Alou was created as well as the schools around the M’mock Area much later in 2002. Students rented rooms around where schools were located in Fontem and Alou and were supplied with food and finance monthly or fortnightly or even weekly by parents or siblings or the students themselves. With the creation of schools in the, M’mock Area the stress of sponsoring children in far off places was reduced. CAST Bambili, and private schools in Bamenda and much later GHS Santa were schools frequently attended by majority of the present elite in M’mockmbie Fondom[1]. In fact, more than half of today’s elite of Mmockmbie went to school in Bambili, either in C.A.S.T or E.N.S. Bambili

Government High School (GHS) M’mockmbie

This is main secondary school in the Village in charge of general education. It was created in the late 2000s. It is situated in Metangang on a land donated by Chief Formenot. The pioneer principal was Mr Esunji followed by Mr Tengim James who left G.H.S M’muock. Presently the school headed by Atembeafac Alfred. The school has churned out a good number of young intellectuals in Mmockmbie.

GTC M’mockmbie

This is the lone technical school in M’mockmbie Fondom, created some few years back. As the people were beginning to embrace technical education the school was progressing seriously until disrupted by the current socio-political crisis that started in late 2016. It is situated in the old premises of former C.S Fossimombin. The pioneer principal was Mr. Asonganya Anete Gabriel.

GHS Mmuock

This is a school created in the year 2002 to bring education closer to the people of M’mock. It was the first secondary school in the whole of M’mock Clan. It is situated at Efem Njengmba of the M’mockngie Fondom on a piece of Land closer to Ajagem Fonang. The M’mockmbie people were very instrumental in the building of this school. The M’mockngie people laid claim to the school saying the school was theirs since it bore the name M’muock. Matters got to a head when the M’mockmbie people constructed the first classroom the M’mockngie people came and demolished. The administration stepped in immediately and of course the culprits were seriously punished[1].

    The pioneer principal was Mr Tengim James who ran the school for close to fifteen years. This school was very pivotal on the education of the entire M’mock Clan as children could no longer travel for long distances to Fontem, Kumba, Buea, Bamenda, Santa Alou as before, for schooling. Many drop outs returned to school.

Impact of Education in Mmockmbie Kingdom

Education in Mmockmbie had broken many barriers and bridged socioeconomic gabs. Products of the main primary Schools are excelling very excellently in their different domains. Education has nurtured talents, creativity, critical thinking skills amongst the youths. Mmockmbie is proud with a Minister who is the product of CS Fossimobin. The kingdom as of now can boost of 250 government secondary/high School teachers 8 University lecturers and 20 acadmic P.hD holders. The health sector in the kingdom is rapidly improving with many medical doctors, pharmacists, dentists being graduated on yearly basis. The Engineering domain is not left out as many have defended Ph.D in Engineering Sciences.

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